Ms. Que Banh<p>Nguyễn Thị Bình is a granddaughter of the Nationalist leader Phan Chu Trinh. She grew up in a land that had been under French rule since 1858. The country’s resources were plundered, & the people exploited as cheap labour & reduced to grinding poverty. So determined were the French to maintain their colonial hold at any cost, they collaborated in power-sharing with Japanese <a href="https://beige.party/tags/fascist" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>fascist</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/occupiers" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>occupiers</span></a> who brought horror & starvation from 1940-1945.</p><p>Despite this, led by the <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietMinh" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietMinh</span></a> Front, people of Vietnam triumphed in the <a href="https://beige.party/tags/AugustRevolution" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AugustRevolution</span></a> of 1945 & the Democratic Republic of Viet Nam (DRV) was declared on September 2nd. Democratic elections took place in January 1946 but French troops, with the open support of the US & Britain, attacked the new Viet Minh administration in the south of the country & the <a href="https://beige.party/tags/WarOfResistance" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>WarOfResistance</span></a> against <a href="https://beige.party/tags/France" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>France</span></a> began.</p><p>Binh studied French at Lycée Sisowath in Cambodia & worked as a teacher during the <a href="https://beige.party/tags/French" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>French</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/colonisation" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>colonisation</span></a> of Vietnam. She joined <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnamCommunistParty" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnamCommunistParty</span></a> in 1948. Upon joining, she immediately began work as a <a href="https://beige.party/tags/grassroots" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>grassroots</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/AntiColonial" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AntiColonial</span></a> organiser. From 1945-1951, she took part in intellectual protest movements against French <a href="https://beige.party/tags/colonists" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>colonists</span></a>. She was arrested & jailed between 1951-1953 in <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Saigon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Saigon</span></a> by the French <a href="https://beige.party/tags/colonial" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>colonial</span></a> authority in Vietnam. She was repeatedly interrogated under torture & sentenced to death but was reprieved & released in very poor health in 1954.</p><p>Upon release from prison, Binh went north to work in <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Hanoi" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Hanoi</span></a> for the National <a href="https://beige.party/tags/WomensUnion" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>WomensUnion</span></a>. Her job took her to many localities where she witnessed first-hand the impact of <a href="https://beige.party/tags/colonialism" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>colonialism</span></a> & the French War on ordinary people & especially women & children. </p><p>1954 was a year of victory for the Vietnamese army. The defeated French were forced to sign the <a href="https://beige.party/tags/GenevaAccords" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>GenevaAccords</span></a> recognising the independence, sovereignty & unity of Vietnam. The country was temporarily split in two at the 17th parallel, with the French moving to the south from which they would withdraw, while the Viet Minh went to the north. A general election for the government of a united country was to follow within 2 years. </p><p>But it never happened. The <a href="https://beige.party/tags/USA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>USA</span></a> came centre stage to ensure that the Accords were never implemented. Driven by strategic interests in the region, it made sure that Vietnam stayed divided – preventing an election that would have swept Ho Chi Minh to power with 80% support, while bankrolling & controlling the reactionary <a href="https://beige.party/tags/regime" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>regime</span></a> of Diem-Nhu south of the 17th parallel. This regime violently suppressed all opposition, executing of thousands of Viet Minh supporters & condemning hundreds of thousands to concentration camps and prisons.</p><p>In response, the NLF (for liberation of South Vietnam & unification) was formed in 1960. Nguyen Thi Chau Sa was assigned to the Foreign Affairs Section of its Re-unification Committee & given the name Nguyen Thi Binh (Peace). From 1962 onwards, her high-profile diplomatic work, took her across the world. She represented the aspirations of the people of Vietnam in every country & forum she visited, while the world’s strongest <a href="https://beige.party/tags/imperialist" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>imperialist</span></a> power made all-out war on her small country.</p><p>During the <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnamWar" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnamWar</span></a>, she became a member of the <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Vietcong" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Vietcong</span></a> Central Committee and a vice-chairperson of the South Vietnamese <a href="https://beige.party/tags/WomensLiberation" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>WomensLiberation</span></a> Association. In 1969 she was appointed foreign minister of the Provisional <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Revolutionary" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Revolutionary</span></a> Government of the Republic of South Vietnam. A fluent French speaker, Bình played a major role in the <a href="https://beige.party/tags/ParisPeaceAccords" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ParisPeaceAccords</span></a> - an agreement that was supposed to end the war & restore peace in Vietnam.</p><p>She was expected to be replaced by a male Vietcong representative after preliminary talks, but became one of the group's most visible international public figures. During this time, she was famous for representing Vietnamese women with her elegant & gracious style, and was referred to by the media as "Madame Bình". She was also referred to as the "Viet Cong Queen" by Western media.</p><p>After the war, she was appointed Minister of Education of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam from 1982-1986; the first female minister ever in the history of Vietnam. Binh was a member of the Central Committee of Vietnam's Communist Party from 1987-1992. She was the Deputy Chair of the Party's Central Foreign Affairs Commission & Chair of the National Assembly's Foreign Affairs Committee. The National Assembly elected her twice to position of Vice President of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam for the terms 1992–1997 & 1997–2002.</p><p>Bình has authored several op-eds, including a one on the state newspaper Nhân Dân in which she voiced concerns that the current personnel policy of the Communist Party of Vietnam have allowed some "incompetent and opportunistic" individuals to enter the party's apparatus. She also criticized the Party's focus on increasing membership at the expense of "quality."</p><p>From March 2009-2014, she served as a member of the support committee of <a href="https://beige.party/tags/RussellTribunal" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>RussellTribunal</span></a> on <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Palestine" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Palestine</span></a>.</p><p>Madame Bình became a source of inspiration & namesake for Madame Binh Graphics Collective, a <a href="https://beige.party/tags/RadicalLeft" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>RadicalLeft</span></a> all-women poster, printmaking, & street art collective based in NYC from 1970s-1980s.<br>Many Americans in the <a href="https://beige.party/tags/AntiWar" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AntiWar</span></a> movement were proud to wear T-shirts printed with the portrait of "Madame Binh". By then, she had become a symbol for female soldiers of the legitimacy of Vietnam's efforts.</p><p>Madame Bình has been awarded many prestigious awards & honours, including the Order of Ho Chi Minh & Resistance Order (First Class). In 2021, President of Vietnam Nguyễn Xuân Phúc awarded her the 75-year Party Membership Commemorative Medal.<br>To commemorate the 75th anniversary of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Vietnam, the Government of Vietnam commissioned the official portraits for 12 former foreign ministers from 1945-2020. Nguyễn Thị Bình was included among them as the only South Vietnamese foreign minister & the only woman.</p><p>Ref: Nguyen Thi Binh". Northeastern Dictionary of Women's Biography (3rd ed.). Boston: Northeastern University Press. 1999. ISBN 978-1-55553-421-9</p><p>Ref: Triantafillou, Eric (3 May 2012). "Graphic Uprising". The Brooklyn Rail. </p><p>Ref: <a href="https://www.russelltribunalonpalestine.com/en/about-rtop/patrons.html" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">russelltribunalonpalestine.com</span><span class="invisible">/en/about-rtop/patrons.html</span></a></p><p>Ref: Hy V. Luong (2003), Postwar Vietnam: dynamics of a transforming society, Rowman & Littlefield, ISBN 0847698653</p><p><a href="https://beige.party/tags/AsianMastodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AsianMastodon</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Vietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Vietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseRevolutionaries" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseRevolutionaries</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/ColonialResistance" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ColonialResistance</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Communist" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Communist</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/AsianHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AsianHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/SouthEastAsia" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>SouthEastAsia</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Viet" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Viet</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Geopolitics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Geopolitics</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/USWarOnVietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>USWarOnVietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/LongLiveVietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LongLiveVietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseSovereignty" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseSovereignty</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/LearnHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LearnHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/TootSEA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>TootSEA</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/WomenOfTheResistance" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>WomenOfTheResistance</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Changemakers" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Changemakers</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Feminist" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Feminist</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/TrailblazingWomen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>TrailblazingWomen</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/WomenWhoChangeTheWorld" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>WomenWhoChangeTheWorld</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietCongWomen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietCongWomen</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/DebunkingUSLies" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>DebunkingUSLies</span></a></p>
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Ms. Que Banh<p>Nguyễn Thị Bình (born 26 May 1927), also known as Madame Bình & Mother of Vietnam, is a South <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Vietnamese" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Vietnamese</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/revolutionary" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>revolutionary</span></a> leader, <a href="https://beige.party/tags/diplomat" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>diplomat</span></a> & <a href="https://beige.party/tags/politician" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>politician</span></a>. She became internationally known for her role as the <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietCong" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietCong</span></a> (NLF)'s chief diplomat & leading its delegation to the Paris Peace Conference. She later served in the government of reunified Vietnam after the Fall of Saigon & became the country's Vice President in 1992. She is the first woman in Vietnamese history to be appointed a cabinet minister.</p><p>Nguyen Thi Binh was the only woman to sign the Paris Agreement on Ending the War & Restoring Peace in Vietnam on 27th January 1973. South Viet Nam was liberated on 30th April 1975 & the two parts of Vietnam were finally brought together in 1976 as the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.</p><p>In her memoirs, she said: “My own life, in concert with the life of our nation, has helped me understand that seizing political power and demanding independence were extremely difficult, particularly when opposing colonialists and imperialists. However, maintaining political power and building a nation…is much more difficult.”</p><p>At Hanoi Peace Conference in November 2022, she stated:</p><p>“Having suffered numerous sacrifices, pain and loss during decades of struggle against foreign aggression and for peace, independence and freedom, the people of Vietnam deeply appreciate the value of peace,” she told those gathered. Warning that the danger of wars, including a nuclear catastrophe, is greater than ever before, she stressed the vital importance of “rallying and uniting peace forces and movements” to halt aggression and build a world of peace and justice for all.</p><p>Ref: Nguyen Thi Binh. Northeastern Dictionary of Women's Biography (3rd ed.). Boston: Northeastern University Press. 1999. ISBN 978-1-55553-421-9.</p><p>Ref: Brigham, Robert K. (2011). "Nguyen Thi Binh". The Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War: A Political, Social, and Military History (2nd ed.). ISBN 978-1-85109-961-0</p><p>Ref: Hy V. Luong (2003), Postwar Vietnam: dynamics of a transforming society, Rowman & Littlefield, ISBN 0847698653</p><p><a href="https://beige.party/tags/AsianMastodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AsianMastodon</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Vietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Vietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseRevolutionaries" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseRevolutionaries</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/ColonialResistance" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ColonialResistance</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Communist" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Communist</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/AsianHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AsianHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/SouthEastAsia" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>SouthEastAsia</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Viet" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Viet</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Geopolitics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Geopolitics</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/USWarOnVietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>USWarOnVietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/LongLiveVietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LongLiveVietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseSovereignty" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseSovereignty</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/LearnHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LearnHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/TootSEA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>TootSEA</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/WomenOfTheResistance" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>WomenOfTheResistance</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Feminist" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Feminist</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseWomen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseWomen</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/RevolutionaryWomen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>RevolutionaryWomen</span></a></p>
Ms. Que Banh<p>Nguyễn Quyền (1869–1941) was a <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Vietnamese" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Vietnamese</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/scholar" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>scholar</span></a> & <a href="https://beige.party/tags/AntiColonial" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AntiColonial</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/revolutionary" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>revolutionary</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/activist" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>activist</span></a> who advocated independence from <a href="https://beige.party/tags/French" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>French</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/colonial" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>colonial</span></a> rule. He was a contemporary of Phan Bội Châu & Phan Chu Trinh & one of Tonkin Free School's founders.</p><p>"The more I read the more I become aware that the things we studied, our examination system, were wrong – indeed the real reasons for our having lost our country. From that point on I was determined to seize upon our country's literature and on modern learning to awaken our citizenry."</p><p>Quyen advocated the modernisation of Vietnam's <a href="https://beige.party/tags/education" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>education</span></a> system. Around 1903 or 1904, Quyen met Tang Bat Ho, who had returned from his travels abroad & talked extensively about the modernisation of Japan. In 1904 he met with Phan Bội Châu, but Quyen had little in common with Chau's ideology of using violence to achieve independence. Quyen went on the work with Lương Văn Can & Le Dai in setting up the Dong Kinh Thuc Nghia, which sought to strengthen the Vietnamese people & thereby the likelihood of independence through the training of a new, more modern generation of scholars.</p><p>In 1908, Quyen was arrested in a general crackdown by French authorities and sent to jail on Côn Lôn island. He died in the prison which was infamous for torturing political prisoners.</p><p>Ref: Marr, David G. (1970). Vietnamese Anticolonialism, 1885–1925. Berkeley: University of California. ISBN 0-520-01813-3.</p><p><a href="https://beige.party/tags/AsianMastodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AsianMastodon</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Vietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Vietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseRevolutionaries" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseRevolutionaries</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/ColonialResistance" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ColonialResistance</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Pacifist" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Pacifist</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/AsianHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AsianHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Educator" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Educator</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/SouthEastAsia" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>SouthEastAsia</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Viet" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Viet</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Geopolitics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Geopolitics</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/LongLiveVietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LongLiveVietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseSovereignty" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseSovereignty</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/LearnHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LearnHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/TootSEA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>TootSEA</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/FrenchColonialism" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>FrenchColonialism</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Indochina" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Indochina</span></a></p>
Ms. Que Banh<p>Nguyen Huu Tho (July 10, 1910 - Dec. 24, 1996) was the chairman of the National Liberation Front <a href="https://beige.party/tags/NLF" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>NLF</span></a> - the South Vietnamese political organization formed in 1960 in opposition to the U.S. backed Saigon government.</p><p>He was born in the same Chinatown district (Cho Lon in Saigon) that my patriarch family lived & where we had our large incense factory.</p><p>The son of a rubber-plantation manager who was later killed during the First <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Indochina" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Indochina</span></a> War (1946–54), Nguyen Huu Tho studied law in Paris in the 1930s. Returning to <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Saigon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Saigon</span></a>, he set up practice, remaining politically inactive until 1949, when he led student demonstrations against the French; he also organized protests in 1950 against the patrolling of the southern Vietnamese coast by U.S. warships. He was imprisoned & won popular acclaim for his prolonged hunger strike in protest of the war.</p><p>After the Geneva Agreements divided Vietnam into northern & southern zones in 1954, Tho cooperated with the southern regime of Ngo Dinh Diem until he was arrested for advocating nationwide elections on reunification. Except for a short period in 1958, Tho remained in prison from 1954-1961, when he escaped with aid of some of his anti-Diem followers. These men, who had recently formed the NLF, made Tho, a noncommunist, provisional & then full-time chairman of the NLF.</p><p>In 1965, he delivered an anti-imperialist speech, a booklet was later published in English, entitled SPEECH. His title was given as: President of the Presidium of the Consultative Council of the South Viet Nam National Front for Liberation on the 5th founding anniversary of the NFL.</p><p>Tho served as a figurehead leader. Real power in the NLF was held by its military arm, the <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietCong" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietCong</span></a> & by veteran communists who reported directly to the North Vietnamese leadership. Tho helped attract a wide spectrum of South Vietnamese supporters to the NLF. In June 1969, the NLF established a Provisional Revolutionary Government with Huynh Tan Phat as president & Nguyen Huu Tho as chairman of its advisory council. The PRG became the government of South Vietnam in April 1975, when Saigon government’s troops surrendered to the North Vietnamese & PRG forces. Tho was made a vice president of Vietnam in 1976, a post he held until 1980, when he became acting president. In 1981, Tho was made vice president of the Council of State & chairman of the Standing Committee of the National Assembly.</p><p>Thọ was awarded the Lenin Peace Prize (1983–84).</p><p>Between 1988 & 1994, he was chairman of the Vietnamese Fatherland Front (Mặt trận Tổ quốc Việt Nam), an umbrella organization for mass organizations in the country.</p><p>Ref: Jacques Dalloz : Dictionnaire de la Guerre d'Indochine, Paris, 2006, S. 171<br>Christopher E. Goscha : Historical Dictionary of the Indochina War (1945–1954), Kopenhagen, 2011, S. 323</p><p>Ref: Kiernan, Ben. How Pol Pot Came to Power. London: Verso, 1985. pp. 170-71.</p><p>Ref: Nghia M. Vo - Saigon: A History (2011)</p><p><a href="https://beige.party/tags/AsianMastodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AsianMastodon</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Vietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Vietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseRevolutionaries" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseRevolutionaries</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/ColonialResistance" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ColonialResistance</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Communist" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Communist</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/AsianHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AsianHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/SouthEastAsia" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>SouthEastAsia</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Viet" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Viet</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Geopolitics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Geopolitics</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/USWarOnVietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>USWarOnVietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/LongLiveVietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LongLiveVietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseSovereignty" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseSovereignty</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/LearnHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LearnHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/TootSEA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>TootSEA</span></a></p>
Ms. Que Banh<p>Sentenced to death, Trỗi got a reprieve after the FALN, a <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Venezuelan" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Venezuelan</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/MarxistLeninist" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>MarxistLeninist</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/guerrilla" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>guerrilla</span></a> group, kidnapped US Air Force Lieutenant Colonel Michael Smolen in revenge for Trỗi's sentence. The group threatened to kill Smolen if Trỗi was executed. Smolen was eventually released unharmed, and Trỗi was shot by firing squad shortly thereafter in Chí Hòa Prison.</p><p>In the West, Trỗi's arrest went largely unreported. Major news media did not report on Trỗi at all until the <a href="https://beige.party/tags/FALN" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>FALN</span></a> kidnapping episode. His anonymity persisted after his execution, despite the honors bestowed upon him in the <a href="https://beige.party/tags/EasternBloc" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>EasternBloc</span></a>. Apart from advocacy by <a href="https://beige.party/tags/revolutionaries" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>revolutionaries</span></a> like the Weather Underground & a brief mention in Abbie Hoffman's Steal This Book (1971) as a "Vietnamese hero", Trỗi is still rarely acknowledged in Western accounts of the <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnamWar" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnamWar</span></a>.</p><p>Many cities in Vietnam have named major streets after him. In <a href="https://beige.party/tags/H%E1%BB%93Ch%C3%ADMinh" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HồChíMinh</span></a> City, the road upon which McNamara traveled ,& where Trỗi planned to assassinate him is named Nguyen Van Troi Boulevard & a memorial park, Bia tưởng niệm Anh Hung Liet Si Nguyễn Văn Trỗi is located near the former Cong Ly Bridge. In <a href="https://beige.party/tags/%C4%90%C3%A0N%E1%BA%B5ng" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ĐàNẵng</span></a>, the Nguyễn Văn Trỗi Bridge spans the Hàn River. Other countries have commemorated Trỗi, particularly <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Cuba" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Cuba</span></a>. A 14,000-seat public stadium in <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Guant%C3%A1namo" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Guantánamo</span></a> is named Nguyen Van Troi Stadium & his statue overlooks Nguyen Van Troi Park in <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Havana" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Havana</span></a>; the city also has a school & hospital named for him.</p><p>Anti-war activists Jane Fonda & Tom Hayden named their son, an actor now known as Troy Garity, in honor of Trỗi.</p><p>The 1975 film Chronicle of a <a href="https://beige.party/tags/LatinAmerican" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LatinAmerican</span></a> subversive (Spanish: Crónica de un subversivo latinoamericano) by director Mauricio Walerstein, narrates the kidnapping episode of Colonel Smolen by FALN guerrillas in response to Trỗi's death sentence.</p><p>(Ref: Doling, Tim (2019). Exploring Saigon-Cholon – Vanishing Heritage of Ho Cho Minh City. Thế Giới Publishers. ISBN 9786047761388.)</p><p>(Ref: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100803012635/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/4711422/The-heart-doesnt-grow-Fonda.html" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">web.archive.org/web/2010080301</span><span class="invisible">2635/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/4711422/The-heart-doesnt-grow-Fonda.html</span></a>)</p><p>(Ref: <a href="http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/cronica-de-un-subversivo-latinoamericano-chronicle-of-a-latin-american-subversive/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">http://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">rottentomatoes.com/m/cronica-d</span><span class="invisible">e-un-subversivo-latinoamericano-chronicle-of-a-latin-american-subversive/</span></a>)</p><p><a href="https://beige.party/tags/AsianMastodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AsianMastodon</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Vietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Vietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseRevolutionaries" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseRevolutionaries</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/ColonialResistance" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ColonialResistance</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Communist" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Communist</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/AsianHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AsianHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/SouthEastAsia" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>SouthEastAsia</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Viet" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Viet</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Geopolitics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Geopolitics</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/USWarOnVietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>USWarOnVietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/LongLiveVietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LongLiveVietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseSovereignty" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseSovereignty</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/LearnHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LearnHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/TootSEA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>TootSEA</span></a></p>
Ms. Que Banh<p>For 22,000 <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Vietnamese" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Vietnamese</span></a> & some <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Cambodians" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Cambodians</span></a>, <a href="https://beige.party/tags/C%C3%B4nS%C6%A1n" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>CônSơn</span></a> Island was literally the last stop on a journey that began with their arrest & incarceration on the mainland. Their crime? Resisting <a href="https://beige.party/tags/ForeignInvaders" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ForeignInvaders</span></a> du jour & fighting for their country’s independence & unification. In addition to execution, causes of death included disease & torture.</p><p>The French built the Côn Đảo prison complex in 1861 to hold <a href="https://beige.party/tags/PoliticalPrisoners" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>PoliticalPrisoners</span></a> and handed it over to the South Vietnamese government in 1954. It was a political Alcatraz on steroids, with <a href="https://beige.party/tags/inhumane" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>inhumane</span></a> living conditions, barbaric torture methods, no escape and, for many, no survival. The US & its client state collaborators honed this hell on Earth to <a href="https://beige.party/tags/dystopian" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>dystopian</span></a> perfection.</p><p>Sáu was sent to 3 jails before being shipped to Côn Sơn Prison, because the French didn’t have the courage to carry out her death sentence on the mainland at a time when it was against <a href="https://beige.party/tags/ColonialLaw" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ColonialLaw</span></a> to execute woman. She was the only female prisoner held by the French on Côn Sơn. </p><p>Like other Vietnamese who died for the cause of independence, Sáu, a national heroine who is celebrated in theater & song, was elevated to the status of ancestral spirit. Every Vietnamese city & town has a street named after her, as are many schools. She embodies the spirit of millions of Vietnamese throughout history, including soldiers of the First & Second Indochina War, who sacrificed everything, their youth, their health, their love, their personal happiness, & their lives, so that Vietnam could become a unified, sovereign nation.</p><p>“The lekima flower in full bloom, we are reminded of a heroine who died for future generations. The young lady so full of vitality fought against our enemies with firm spirit & even death could not force her to yield”. The song echoes in the mind of everybody who visits Hàng Dương cemetary in Côn Đảo district, Bà Rịa-Vũng Tàu province. Vo Thi Sau, the <a href="https://beige.party/tags/heroine" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>heroine</span></a> mentioned in the song, was <a href="https://beige.party/tags/executed" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>executed</span></a> by the <a href="https://beige.party/tags/French" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>French</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/colonialists" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>colonialists</span></a> at the foot of Chua mountain in the early morning of January 23, 1952. 60 years later, her immortal patriotism & sacrifice still shine in the heart of every Vietnamese person, particularly those who live on <a href="https://beige.party/tags/ConDao" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ConDao</span></a> island, once called “hell on the earth”. (Ref: VOVWorld)</p><p>The 20-hectare Hàng Dương cemetery holds the graves of more than 20,000 martyrs, including <a href="https://beige.party/tags/revolutionary" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>revolutionary</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/martyr" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>martyr</span></a> Lê Hồng Phong, patriot Nguyễn An Ninh & <a href="https://beige.party/tags/hero" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>hero</span></a> Cao Văn Ngọc. Visitors are moved to see grave after grave, some named, some unnamed, stretching over the hill. Vo Thi Sau’s grave, set in gravel & soil shoveled by her fellow prisoners, lies in section B.</p><p>Sister Sau was already a legend when the ship carrying her docked at Con Dao island in 1952. At the execution, she refused to be blindfolded, wanting to admire the motherland’s landscape & sing until her last breath. Many families on Con Dao island have set up altars to worship sister Sau, whose legend has become eternal in Vietnamese hearts.</p><p><a href="https://beige.party/tags/AsianMastodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AsianMastodon</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Vietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Vietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseRevolutionaries" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseRevolutionaries</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/ColonialResistance" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ColonialResistance</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Communist" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Communist</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/AsianHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AsianHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/SouthEastAsia" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>SouthEastAsia</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Viet" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Viet</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Geopolitics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Geopolitics</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/USWarOnVietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>USWarOnVietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/LongLiveVietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LongLiveVietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseSovereignty" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseSovereignty</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/LearnHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LearnHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/TootSEA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>TootSEA</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/USfundedTorture" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>USfundedTorture</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/WomenOfTheResistance" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>WomenOfTheResistance</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/USTerrorism" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>USTerrorism</span></a></p>
Ms. Que Banh<p>10 January 1973, negotiations broke down when <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Kissinger" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Kissinger</span></a> demanded the release of all <a href="https://beige.party/tags/AmericanPOWs" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AmericanPOWs</span></a> in North Vietnam once a peace agreement was signed, but offered no guarantees about <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietCong" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietCong</span></a> prisoners being held in South Vietnam.</p><p>Thọ stated: "I cannot accept your proposal. I completely reject it".<br>Thọ wanted the release of all prisoners once a peace agreement was signed, which led Kissinger to say this was an unreasonable demand. Thọ, who had been tortured as a young man by the French colonial police for advocating Vietnamese independence, shouted:<br>"You have never been a prisoner. You don't understand suffering. It's unfair". </p><p>Kissinger finally offered that the United States would use "maximum influence" to pressure the South Vietnamese government to release all Viet Cong prisoners within sixty days of a peace agreement being signed. On 23 January 1973, at 12:45 pm, Kissinger and Thọ signed the peace agreement.</p><p><a href="https://beige.party/tags/AsianMastodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AsianMastodon</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Vietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Vietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseRevolutionaries" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseRevolutionaries</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/ColonialResistance" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ColonialResistance</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Communist" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Communist</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/AsianHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AsianHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/SouthEastAsia" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>SouthEastAsia</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Viet" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Viet</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Geopolitics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Geopolitics</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/USWarOnVietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>USWarOnVietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/LongLiveVietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LongLiveVietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseSovereignty" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseSovereignty</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/LearnHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LearnHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/TootSEA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>TootSEA</span></a></p>
Ms. Que Banh<p>In his book “Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975,” U.S. journalist A.J. Langguth says that despite Kissinger’s protestations for Tho to be quiet, during one session of the talks he shouted at Kissinger for over an hour:</p><p>“For more than ten years, America has used violence to beat down the Vietnamese people-napalm, B-52s. But you don’t draw any lessons from your failures. You continue the same policy. Ngu xuan! Ngu xuan! Ngu xuan!”</p><p>The translator refused to tell Kissinger what Ngu xuan meant (massively stupid) for fear of causing offence.</p><p>Luu Van Loi, who was with Tho at the conference as a member of the negotiating team, wasn’t happy with <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Kissinger" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Kissinger</span></a> either. “Kissinger was dodgy; he always brought up irrelevant matters at the start of meetings, and only mentioned the important stuff out for discussion at night. He must have thought that the old Le Duc Tho was sleepy and tired. But he knew nothing about Tho! The longer the negotiation went, the more alert Tho got.”</p><p>Kissinger seemed to agree with Luu Van Loi when he expressed his astonishment: “Sometimes he talked for hours straight. I said, ‘I’ve heard this countless times,’ but Tho responded ‘You’ve heard it countless times but you haven’t remembered it, let me repeat…’”</p><p>Thọ told Kissinger at their first meeting that "Vietnamization" was doomed, dismissively saying in French: "Previously, with over one million U.S and Saigon troops, you have failed. Now how can you win if you let the South Vietnamese Army fight alone and if you only give them military support?"</p><p>In April 1970, Thọ broke off his meetings with Kissinger, saying that there was nothing to discuss. An attempt by Kissinger to talk to Thọ again in May 1970 was rejected with a note reading "The U.S. words of peace are just empty ones"</p><p>In July 1971, Kissinger taunted Thọ with news that President <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Nixon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Nixon</span></a> would be visiting China soon to meet <a href="https://beige.party/tags/MaoZedong" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>MaoZedong</span></a>, telling him that the days when the North Vietnamese could count of the supply of Chinese arms were coming to close. Thọ showed no emotion: "That is your affair. Our fighting is our preoccupation, and that will decide the outcome for our country. What you have told us will have no influence on our fighting".</p><p>2 May 1972, Thọ had his 13th meeting with Kissinger in Paris. The meeting was hostile; the North Vietnamese had just taken Quang Tri City in South Vietnam, which led Nixon to tell Kissinger "No nonsense. No niceness. No accommodations". During the meeting, Thọ mentioned that Senator William Fulbright was criticizing the Nixon administration, leading Kissinger to say: "Our domestic discussions are no concern of yours". Thọ snapped back: "I'm giving an example to prove that Americans share our views". When Kissinger asked Thọ why North Vietnam had not responded on a proposal he sent via the Soviet Union, Thọ replied: "We have on many occasions said that if you have any question, you should talk to directly to us, and we shall talk directly to you. We don't speak through a third person".</p><p>August 1972, Kissinger promised Thọ that he would pressure Nguyễn Văn Thiệu to resign if Thọ agreed to a peace deal before US presidential elections. Thọ told Kissinger that the timetable for Thiệu's departure was no longer an immediate concern & he wanted some $8 billion in reparations for the war damage. Kissinger told Thọ that he wanted to tell the world about their secret meetings since 1970 to give the impression that Nixon was making progress on peace in Vietnam, a suggestion Thọ rejected, saying it's not his job to assist Nixon's reelection campaign.</p><p>20 November 1972, Kissinger met Thọ again in Paris. Kissinger no longer aimed at secrecy & was followed by paparazzi as he went to a house owned by the French Communist Party where Thọ was waiting for him. Kissinger announced the Americans wanted major changes to the peace agreement made in October to accommodate Thiệu, which led Thọ to accuse him of negotiating in bad faith.<br>Thọ: "We have been deceived by the French, the Japanese and the Americans. But the deception has never been so flagrant as of now".</p><p>Putting more pressure, Nixon told Kissinger to break off talks if Thọ wouldn't agree to changes he wanted. Kissinger told Nixon: "While we have a moral case for bombing North Vietnam when it does not accept our terms, it seems to be really stretching the point to bomb North Vietnam when it has accepted our terms and when South Vietnam has not". December 1972, talks had broken & Nixon decided to resume bombing North Vietnam.<br>After the Christmas bombings of 1972, Thọ was in particularly savage mood towards Kissinger.</p><p>8 January 1973 in a house in the French town of Gif-sur-Yvette, Kissinger arrived to find nobody at the door to greet him. When Kissinger entered the conference room, nobody spoke to him. Sensing the hostile mood, Kissinger speaking in French said: "It was not my fault about the bombing". Before Kissinger could say anymore, Thọ exploded in rage, saying in French:<br>"Under the pretext of interrupted negotiations, you resumed the bombing of North Vietnam, just at the moment when I reached home. You have 'greeted' my arrival in a very courteous manner! You action, I can say, is flagrant and gross! You and no one else strained the honor of the United States"</p><p>"You've spent billions of dollars and many tons of bombs when we had a text ready to sign". Kissinger replied: "I have heard many adjectives in your comments. I propose that you should not use them". Thọ answered: "I have used those adjectives with a great deal of restraint already. The world opinion, the U.S. press and U.S. political personalities have used harsher words".</p><p><a href="https://beige.party/tags/AsianMastodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AsianMastodon</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Vietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Vietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseRevolutionaries" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseRevolutionaries</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/ColonialResistance" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ColonialResistance</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Communist" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Communist</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/AsianHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AsianHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/SouthEastAsia" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>SouthEastAsia</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Viet" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Viet</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Geopolitics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Geopolitics</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/USWarOnVietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>USWarOnVietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/LongLiveVietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LongLiveVietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseSovereignty" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseSovereignty</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/LearnHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LearnHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/TootSEA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>TootSEA</span></a></p>
Ms. Que Banh<p><a href="https://beige.party/tags/French" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>French</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/colonial" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>colonial</span></a> authorities imprisoned him from 1930-1936 & again from 1939-1944. The French imprisoned him a "tiger cage" cells in the prison on Poulo Condore (Côn Sơn Island) in the South China Sea. Poulo Condore was the harshest prison in all of French <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Indochina" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Indochina</span></a>. During his time in the "tiger cage", Thọ suffered from hunger, heat, torture & humiliation. He was a teenager & these prison experiences hardened him.</p><p>After his second release he returned to Hanoi in 1945 to help lead the <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietMinh" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietMinh</span></a>, the <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseIndependence" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseIndependence</span></a> organization, as well as a revived communist party called the <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnamWorkersParty" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnamWorkersParty</span></a>. He was senior Viet Minh official in southern Vietnam until the <a href="https://beige.party/tags/GenevaAccords" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>GenevaAccords</span></a> of 1954. From 1955 he was a member of the Politburo of the Vietnam Workers’ Party, or the Communist Party of Vietnam(renamed in 1976). During the Vietnam War (1955–75) Tho oversaw the <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietCong" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietCong</span></a> insurgency that began against the South Vietnamese government in the late 1950s. He carried out most of his duties during the war while in hiding in South Vietnam.</p><p>“The Nobel Committee made a big mistake,” he said in an interview with UPI a decade later. “This is a prize for peace. The thing here is, who is the one that has created peace? The ones who fought against the U.S. and established peace for the country are us, not the U.S. However, the Nobel Committee has put the invader and the invaded as equal – that is something I cannot accept, and that is the reason why I declined the prize.” When asked if he’d accept the prize now that the country is free, he replied, “Yes, but only if the prize is awarded to me only.”<br><a href="https://tienphong.vn/uy-ban-giai-nobel-da-sai-lam-dang-tiec-post611381.tpo" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">tienphong.vn/uy-ban-giai-nobel</span><span class="invisible">-da-sai-lam-dang-tiec-post611381.tpo</span></a></p><p>Lê Đức Thọ's "insolence" towards Western politics helped to gain his country control over Saigon, Vientiane & ousted a pro-Western government in Phnom Penh. Within Vietnam, Lê Đức Thọ is remembered as a revolutionary leader who played a pivotal role in the country’s struggle for independence & reunification. He is honored as a key figure in Vietnam’s history.</p><p>Despite his involvement in peace negotiations, Lê Đức Thọ remains a controversial figure, among those who view him as a symbol of the repressive communist regime in Vietnam. The communist government’s human rights abuses & suppression of dissent have led to criticism of his role in the post-war government.</p><p><a href="https://beige.party/tags/AsianMastodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AsianMastodon</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Vietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Vietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseRevolutionaries" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseRevolutionaries</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/ColonialResistance" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ColonialResistance</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Communist" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Communist</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/AsianHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AsianHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/UShistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>UShistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/SouthEastAsia" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>SouthEastAsia</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Viet" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Viet</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Geopolitics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Geopolitics</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/USpoli" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>USpoli</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/USWarOnVietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>USWarOnVietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/LongLiveVietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LongLiveVietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseSovereignty" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseSovereignty</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/LearnHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LearnHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/TootSEA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>TootSEA</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/GlobalSouth" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>GlobalSouth</span></a></p>
Ms. Que Banh<p>Nguyễn Văn Trỗi (1 February 1940 – 15 October 1964) was a <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Vietnamese" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Vietnamese</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/revolutionary" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>revolutionary</span></a> & member of the NLF (National Liberation Front). He gained notoriety after being captured by ARVN forces while trying to assassinate US Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara & Ambassador Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. who were visiting South Vietnam in May 1964.</p><p>Trỗi became the first publicly executed member of the NLF. His execution was filmed, and he remained defiant to the end. His last words before his execution in <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Saigon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Saigon</span></a> :</p><p>"You are journalists and so you must be well informed about what is happening. It is the Americans who have committed aggression on our country, it is they who have been killing our people with planes and bombs ... I have never acted against the will of my people. It is against the Americans that I have taken action."</p><p>When a priest offered Trỗi absolution, he refused, saying: "I have committed no sin. It is the Americans who have sinned." As the first shots were fired, he called out: "Long live Vietnam!"</p><p>His wife wrote a biography book on his short but brave life. Phan Thi Quyen (c. 1965) Nguyen van troi tel qu'il etait (Nguyễn Văn Trỗi As He Was).</p><p><a href="https://beige.party/tags/AsianMastodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AsianMastodon</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Vietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Vietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseRevolutionaries" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseRevolutionaries</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/ColonialResistance" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ColonialResistance</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Communist" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Communist</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/AsianHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AsianHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/SouthEastAsia" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>SouthEastAsia</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Viet" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Viet</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Geopolitics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Geopolitics</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/USWarOnVietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>USWarOnVietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/LongLiveVietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LongLiveVietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseSovereignty" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseSovereignty</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/LearnHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LearnHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/TootSEA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>TootSEA</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/ResistanceFighters" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ResistanceFighters</span></a></p>
Ms. Que Banh<p>Võ Thị Sáu (1933 – 23 January 1952) was a <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Vietnamese" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Vietnamese</span></a> schoolgirl who fought as a <a href="https://beige.party/tags/guerrilla" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>guerrilla</span></a> against the <a href="https://beige.party/tags/FrenchOccupiers" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>FrenchOccupiers</span></a> of <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Vietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Vietnam</span></a>, then part of French <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Indochina" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Indochina</span></a>. She was captured, tried, convicted & executed by the French <a href="https://beige.party/tags/colonialists" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>colonialists</span></a> in 1952. She was the first woman to be executed at Côn Sơn Prison. </p><p>Vo Thi Sau was no ordinary schoolgirl. She was just 14 when she tossed a grenade at a group of French soldiers, killing one & injuring 12 before escaping into a crowded market. A few years later, in 1952 aged just 19, she was executed by a French firing squad. </p><p>Minutes before her death, a priest asked if she wanted to confess & she simply replied: “I only regret not finishing destroying all the colonists and people who betrayed this nation.” She then demanded her captors take off her blindfold: “No need to cover my eyes, I want to look at this beloved country for the last time and I have the courage to look directly at your muzzle.” She refused to kneel & calmly sang “Tien Quan Ca,” the then national anthem of North Vietnam, before she was shot dead. Her last words were reportedly “Down with the French Colonialists, long-lasting independence Vietnam, long-live President Ho.” Bold & fearless, Sau has been seen as a <a href="https://beige.party/tags/heroine" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>heroine</span></a> & <a href="https://beige.party/tags/martyr" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>martyr</span></a>, beloved by her country ever since.</p><p><a href="https://chaohanoi.com/2020/04/21/vietnamese-schoolgirl-revolutionary-fighter/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">chaohanoi.com/2020/04/21/vietn</span><span class="invisible">amese-schoolgirl-revolutionary-fighter/</span></a></p><p><a href="https://beige.party/tags/AsianMastodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AsianMastodon</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnamHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnamHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseRevolutionaries" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseRevolutionaries</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/ColonialResistance" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ColonialResistance</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Communist" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Communist</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/AsianHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AsianHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/SouthEastAsia" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>SouthEastAsia</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Viet" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Viet</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Geopolitics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Geopolitics</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/USWarOnVietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>USWarOnVietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/LongLiveVietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LongLiveVietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseSovereignty" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseSovereignty</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/LearnHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LearnHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/TootSEA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>TootSEA</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/WomenOfTheResistance" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>WomenOfTheResistance</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/BadassAsianWomen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>BadassAsianWomen</span></a></p>
Ms. Que Banh<p>Lê Đức Thọ (14 October 1911 – 13 October 1990), was a <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Vietnamese" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Vietnamese</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/revolutionary" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>revolutionary</span></a> general, diplomat & politician. Tho was the first <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Asian" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Asian</span></a> to be awarded the <a href="https://beige.party/tags/NobelPeacePrize" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>NobelPeacePrize</span></a>, jointly with US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger in 1973, for their work on Paris Peace Accords, but refused the award.<br><a href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1973/tho/facts" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/19</span><span class="invisible">73/tho/facts</span></a></p><p>"However, since the signing of the Paris agreement, the United States and the Saigon administration continue in grave violation of a number of key clauses of this agreement. The Saigon administration, aided and encouraged by the United States, continues its acts of war. Peace has not yet really been established in South Vietnam. In these circumstances it is impossible for me to accept the 1973 Nobel Prize for Peace which the committee has bestowed on me. Once the Paris accord on Vietnam is respected, the arms are silenced and a real peace is established in South Vietnam, I will be able to consider accepting this prize. With my thanks to the Nobel Prize Committee please accept, madame, my sincere respects."<br><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110403165243/http://www.blackandwhitecat.org/2010/12/11/why-le-duc-tho-refused-his-nobel-peace-prize/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">web.archive.org/web/2011040316</span><span class="invisible">5243/http://www.blackandwhitecat.org/2010/12/11/why-le-duc-tho-refused-his-nobel-peace-prize/</span></a></p><p>"Unfortunately, the Nobel Peace Prize Committee put the aggressor and the victim of aggression on the same par. ... That was a blunder. The Nobel Peace Prize is one of the greatest prizes in the world. But the United States conducted a war of aggression against Vietnam. It is we, the Vietnamese people, who made peace by defeating the American war of aggression against us, by regaining our independence and freedom."<br><a href="https://www.upi.com/Archives/1986/12/17/Personality-Spotlight-Le-Duc-Tho-Vietnams-poet-revolutionary/1693535179600/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">upi.com/Archives/1986/12/17/Pe</span><span class="invisible">rsonality-Spotlight-Le-Duc-Tho-Vietnams-poet-revolutionary/1693535179600/</span></a></p><p><a href="https://beige.party/tags/AsianMastodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AsianMastodon</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Vietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Vietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseRevolutionaries" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseRevolutionaries</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/ColonialResistance" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ColonialResistance</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Communist" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Communist</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/AsianHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AsianHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/SouthEastAsia" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>SouthEastAsia</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Viet" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Viet</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/Geopolitics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Geopolitics</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/USWarOnVietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>USWarOnVietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/LongLiveVietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LongLiveVietnam</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/VietnameseSovereignty" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VietnameseSovereignty</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/LearnHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LearnHistory</span></a> <a href="https://beige.party/tags/TootSEA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>TootSEA</span></a></p>
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